Support of Advanced Fossil Resource Conversion and Utilization Research by Historically Black Colleges and Universities and Other Minority Institutions

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Support of Advanced Fossil Resource Conversion and Utilization Research by Historically Black Colleges and Universities and Other Minority Institutions: TECHNICAL TOPIC 1 SENSORS CONTROLS (DE-PS26-06NT42788-01) (a) Robust Sensor Networks for Intelligent Control of Advanced Coal Combustion/Gasification Processes Significant technological advances have been made towards the development of near zero emission power plants based on advanced coal gasification and combustion processes. In an effort to meet the efficiency, environmental performance, and cost goals of these advanced power generation systems, work is being initiated on the development of intelligent control strategies that provide system integration, optimization, and prognostic health control capabilities in addition to basic process control. Control system development is viewed as an important enabling technology for the commercial deployment of these systems. A critical component of the process control system is the input from instrumentation and monitoring systems. With the evolution of new sensors, embedded intelligence capabilities, and communication platforms, opportunities exist for the development and design of robust intelligent sensor networks that enable the application of advanced control methodologies. Grant applications are requested to develop sensor networks that include one or more of the following: " Enable the use of advanced control methodologies. " Consider the use of harsh environment physical and chemical sensor as well as those that operate at more benign conditions to provide a real time diagnostic suite. " Integrate new sensor technologies with smart sensing capabilities. " Consider wireless sensor networks in areas of condition monitoring and system optimization. " Incorporate standardized communication platforms to minimize cost and increase industry acceptance. " Examine new approaches to regulatory emission monitoring. Within select sensor networks for emerging high efficiency turbine and fuel cell power systems, there are measurement needs that are currently unmet. Future power systems will likely use coal derived synthesis gas as preferred domestic fuel. Since this fuel is generated from coal, the constituents could vary widely and impact the operation of these systems. In order to protect and manage the operation of these systems with advanced control techniques, the need for an online gas quality measurement has been identified. While traditional analytical techniques can provide accurate analysis of gases, their response time and accuracy are not sufficient for the emerging power systems. New approaches are requested to rapidly detect and quantify individual gas constituents commonly found in synthesis gas (See Table 1). Response times of 1 second or shorter are targeted. Measurements showing the total BTU content of the gas mixture is not desirable. The ratio of certain gas constituents, contaminant levels, as well as detection of atypical gas constituents are important parameters that would allow operators to promptly react to and control the operation of these advanced power systems. The development of this measurement technique in combination sensor network described above is of interest under this subtopic. In fuels such as coal-derived synthesis gas, the hydrogen content is higher, whereas it is almost nonexistent in natural gas. Advanced turbine machinery will be adapted to utilize coal derived high hydrogen fuels but will also be presented with challenges that will need to be managed, in part, by advanced control and monitoring systems. One of the primary challenges of interest is to manage and control flame instabilities and flashback that occur with premixed ultra-low NOx combustion systems. Fuels with high hydrogen content, such as coal-derived synthesis gas, will be more problematic in dealing with the practical aspects of flashback and instability issues due to 1) the higher flame speed of hydrogen, 2) the broader flammability limits and 3) the lower energy content on a volume basis compared to methane. Developing an understanding and an approach to monitor and control this phenomenon in turbines that utilize high hydrogen fuels is within the purview of this subtopic. Table 1: Typical gas compositions for coal derived synthesis gas (Natural Gas is listed for comparison purposes.) Component Natural Gas - Typical (mole % range) Coal Derived Synthesis Gas (mole % range) Methane 87.0 96.0 0-4.6 Ethane 1.8 - 5.1 0-0.2 Ethene - 0-0.1 Propane 0.1 - 1.5 - Isobutane 0.01 - 0.3 - Butane 0.01 - 0.3 - Isopentane trace - 0.14 - Pentane trace - 0.04 - Hexanes plus trace - 0.06 - Nitrogen 1.3 - 5.6 0.1-4.1 Argon - trace-1.1 Oxygen 0.01 - 0.1 - Hydrogen trace - 0.02 16.1-33.9 Carbon Dioxide 0.1 - 1.0 1.5-15.5 Carbon Monoxide - 5.8-63.1 Carbonyl Sulfide - trace-0.1 Hydrogen Sulfide - 0.2-1.3 Water - 2-61.8 Ammonia and Hydrogen Cyanide - 0-0.3 Source http://www.uniongas.com/aboutus/aboutng/composition.asp Chapter 8, Seventh Edition Fuel Cell Handbook, page 21, www.netl.doe.gov (b) Novel Sensor Systems Meeting the Objectives of DOE's Deep Trek Program To date, less than 1 percent of all wells drilled in the U.S. have penetrated below 15,000 feet, yet their production accounts for nearly 7 percent of the domestic production, and is expected to grow to 12% by 2010 (NPC, 2003). Development of deep reservoirs is currently restricted to only the most promising prospects. The primary barrier limiting recovery from deep formations is that drilling systems cannot withstand the extreme conditions encountered when drilling deep, resulting in an exponential increase in drilling costs (as much as 50% of drilling cost is encountered in the last 10% of the well). The limits of conventional drilling and well construction technology are often exceeded when drilling wells to 20,000 feet. Extremely high temperatures (>400oF), exceptionally high pressures (>15,000 psi), exceedingly hard rock, and highly corrosive gases all combine to create a very hostile environment for well drilling and completion. DOE's Deep Trek program (http://www.fossil.energy.gov/programs/oilgas/drilling/index.html) was initiated in 2001 with a goal of developing an integrated deep drilling and deep imaging system that will enable industry to economically recover an additional 100 Tcf of natural gas through 2020. Several projects and technologies have been funded over the past five years, but additional needs remain to be addressed. The objective of this subtopic is to develop novel sensor systems that include but are not limited to the determination of pressure, position, temperature and flow. These sensors shall fit under DOE's Deep Trek Program, which focuses on developing advanced technologies that will operate in very deep (>20,000 feet) high temperature (>400 F), high pressure (>15,000 psi), hard rock, corrosive environments. The proposed technologies shall be compatible with, and compliment, currently applied or emerging technologies developed under DOE's drilling programs or other industry programs to allow for integrated demonstrations. Interested parties looking to submit an application under this Technical Topic can download the application package by clicking on the How to Apply icon at the following web site: http://www.grants.gov/search/search.do?mode=VIEW oppId=9057
Federal Grant Title: Support of Advanced Fossil Resource Conversion and Utilization Research by Historically Black Colleges and Universities and Other Minority Institutions
Federal Agency Name: National Energy Technology Laboratory
Grant Categories: Energy
Type of Opportunity: Discretionary
Funding Opportunity Number: DE-PS26-06NT42788-01
Type of Funding: Grant
CFDA Numbers: 81.089
CFDA Descriptions: Fossil Energy Research and Development
Current Application Deadline: No deadline provided
Original Application Deadline: Jun 11, 2006
Posted Date: Apr 14, 2006
Creation Date: Apr 25, 2006
Archive Date: Aug 14, 2006
Total Program Funding:
Maximum Federal Grant Award: $200,000
Minimum Federal Grant Award: $80,000
Expected Number of Awards:
Cost Sharing or Matching: No
Applicants Eligible for this Grant
Others (see text field entitled "Additional Information on Eligibility" for clarification)
Additional Information on Eligibility
Restricted Eligibility under Public Law 95-224, as amended by 97-258, for Historically Black Colleges and Universities and Other Minority Insitutions
Link to Full Grant Announcement
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JoAnn Zysk
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